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steel
Steel is a general term for iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content mass percentage between 0.02% and 2.11%. The chemical composition of steel can vary greatly, and steel containing only carbon element is called carbon steel (carbon steel) or ordinary steel;
Introduction to Steel		In actual production, steel often contains different alloying elements according to its use, such as manganese, nickel, vanadium, and so on. The history of human application and research on steel is quite long, but until the invention of the bainite steelmaking method in the 19th century, the production of steel was a high cost and low efficiency task. Nowadays, steel has become one of the most commonly used materials in the world due to its low price and reliable performance, and is an indispensable component in the construction industry, manufacturing industry, and people's daily lives. It can be said that steel is the material foundation of modern society.
Application of Steel		Steel can be cast into stainless steel deodorizing soap for sale. Stainless steel deodorizing soap is a special steel block made of stainless steel that never gets smaller and is used in the same way as regular soap. This stainless steel deodorizing soap comes from Germany and cannot be decontaminated, but it can deodorize hands full of fishy odor. After washing with stainless steel deodorizing soap for 30 to 40 seconds, the fishy odor can disappear.
Definition of Steel Composition
Steel is an iron carbon alloy with a carbon content ranging from 0.04% to 2.3%. We usually refer to it as steel together with iron, and in order to ensure its toughness and plasticity, the carbon content generally does not exceed 1.7%. The main elements of steel include silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, etc. in addition to iron and carbon. The other components are used to differentiate the properties of the steel.
(Carbon)		It exists in all steels and is the most important hardening element. It helps to increase the strength of steel, and we usually hope that tool grade steel has more than 0.6% carbon, which also becomes high carbon steel.
(Manganese)		Important elements that help generate texture structures, increase durability, strength, and wear resistance. During the heat treatment and rolling process, deoxygenation occurs inside the steel, which occurs in most knife and shear steels, except for A-2, L-6, and CPM 420V.
(Molybdenum)		Carburization agents prevent steel from becoming brittle and maintain its strength at high temperatures. They are found in many steels, such as air hardened steel (such as A-2, ATS-34), which always contains 1% or more molybdenum, so that they can harden in the air.
(Nickle)		Maintain strength, corrosion resistance, and toughness. Appears in L-6 AUS-6 and AUS-8.
(Silicon)		Helps to enhance strength. Like manganese, silicon is used to maintain the strength of steel during the production process.
(Tungsten)		Enhance wear resistance. Mix tungsten with an appropriate proportion of chromium or manganese to manufacture high-speed steel. High speed steel M-2 contains a large amount of tungsten.
(Chromium)		Increase wear resistance, hardness, and most importantly, corrosion resistance, with over 13% considered stainless steel. Despite this, if not properly maintained, all steel will rust.
(Vanadium)		Enhance wear resistance and ductility. A vanadium carbide used in the manufacture of striped steel. Vanadium is present in many types of steel, among which M-2, Vascowear, CPM T440V, and 420VA contain a large amount of vanadium. The biggest difference between BG-42 and ATS-34 is that the former contains vanadium
Classification method of steel
1. Classified by quality		1) Ordinary steel (P ≤ 0.045%, S ≤ 0.050%) (2) High quality steel (both P and S ≤ 0.035%) (3) High quality steel (P ≤ 0.035%, S ≤ 0.030%)
2. Classification by chemical composition		(1) Carbon steel: a. Low carbon steel (C ≤ 0.25%); b. Medium carbon steel (C ≤ 0.25~0.60%); c. High carbon steel (C ≤ 0.60%). (2) Alloy steel: a. Low alloy steel (total alloy element content ≤ 5%); b. Medium alloy steel (total alloying element content>5-10%); c. High alloy steel (with a total alloying element content of>10%).
3. Classification by forming method:		(1) Forged steel; (2) Cast steel; (3) Hot rolled steel; (4) Cold drawn steel.
4. Classification by metallographic organization		(1) Annealed state: a. hypoeutectoid steel (ferrite+pearlite); b. Eutectoid steel (pearlite); c. Hypereutectoid steel (pearlite+cementite); d. Ledeburite steel (pearlite+cementite). (2) Normalized state: a. Pearlitic steel; b. Bainitic steel; c. Martensite steel; d. Austenitic steel. (3) Without or partially undergoing phase transition
5. Classification by purpose		(1) Steel for construction and engineering purposes: a. Ordinary carbon structural steel; b. Low alloy structural steel; c. Steel reinforcement. (2) Structural steel a. Steel for mechanical manufacturing: (a) quenched and tempered structural steel; (b) Surface hardened structural steel: including carburized steel, ammonia carburized steel, and surface quenched steel; (c) Easy to cut structural steel; (d) Cold plastic forming steel: including cold stamping steel and cold heading steel. b. Spring steel c. Bearing steel (3) Tool steel: a. Carbon tool steel; b. Alloy tool steel; c. High speed tool steel. (4) Special performance steel: a. Stainless and acid resistant steel; b. Heat resistant steel: including oxidation resistant steel, heat resistant steel, and gas valve steel; c. Electric heating alloy steel; d. Wear resistant steel; e. Low temperature steel; f. Steel for electrical purposes. (5) Professional steel - such as steel for bridges, ships, boilers, pressure vessels, agricultural machinery, etc.
6. Comprehensive classification		(1) Ordinary steel a. Carbon structural steel: (a) Q195; (b) Q215(A,B); (c) Q235(A,B,C); (d) Q255(A,B); (e) Q275. b. Low alloy structural steel c. Ordinary structural steel for specific purposes (2) High quality steel (including high-grade high-quality steel) a. Structural steel: (a) High quality carbon structural steel; (b) Alloy structural steel; (c) Spring steel; (d) Easy cutting steel; (e) Bearing steel; (f) High quality structural steel for specific purposes. b. Tool steel: (a) Carbon tool steel; (b) Alloy tool steel; (c) High speed tool steel. c. Special performance steel: (a) stainless and acid resistant steel; (b) Heat resistant steel; (c) Electric heating alloy steel; (d) Electrical steel; (e) High manganese wear-resistant steel
7. Classification by smelting method		1) Classified by furnace type a. Open hearth steel: (a) acidic open hearth steel; (b) Alkaline open-hearth steel. b. Converter steel: (a) acidic converter steel; (b) Alkaline converter steel. Or (a) bottom blown converter steel; (b) Side blown converter steel; (c) Top blown converter steel. c. Electric furnace steel: (a) Electric arc furnace steel; (b) Electroslag furnace steel; (c) Induction furnace steel; (d) Vacuum consumable furnace steel; (e) Electron beam furnace steel. (2) Classified by degree of deoxidation and pouring system a. Boiling steel; b. Semi killed steel; c. Killed steel; d. Special killed steel.
The Use of Steel
1. Structural steel:		Structural steel for construction and engineering, abbreviated as construction steel, is used to make metal structural components in buildings, bridges, ships, boilers, or other engineering projects. Construction steel - such as various types of steel used for building grid steel structures, ships, factory structures, and other buildings, as well as ordinary steel. Steel for mechanical manufacturing - mainly used for manufacturing machines or other mechanical parts. In this type of steel, the steel with a carbon content of 0.1% -0.3% that can be used after surface carburization treatment is called carburized steel. Steel with a carbon content of 0.3% -0.6% and requiring quenching and tempering treatment is called quenched and tempered steel. Spring steel and bearing steel - mainly used for manufacturing mechanical equipment parts, so they are commonly classified as structural steel for mechanical manufacturing. However, each of these two types of steel has a specific purpose and has a relatively high carbon content, so they are often classified separately.
2. Tool steel:		Generally used for manufacturing various tools, such as carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed tool steel, etc. Tool steel is a high carbon steel and medium carbon high-quality steel used for manufacturing various tools, including carbon tool steel. Alloy tool steel and high-speed tool steel, etc. Tool steel can also be classified according to its specific uses: steel for cutting tools, steel for measuring tools, steel for molds, etc.
3. Special steel:		Steel with special properties, such as stainless and acid resistant steel, heat resistant and non peeling steel, magnetic steel, etc. It is a general term for steel with special physical and chemical properties. Including non acid resistant steel, heat resistant and non peeling steel, electric heating alloy, magnetic materials, etc.
4. Professional steel:		Refers to specialized steel used in the industrial sector, such as automotive steel, agricultural machinery steel, aviation steel, electrical steel, etc.

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